The ways of gold extract

The ways of gold extract

There are primitive methods to extract gold is the liquidation of small pieces of gold by water and other methods used machine

This Alsourtmthel some ways to extract gold mining and places

Information about gold and how to extract gold from the soil or from stones or impurities

Bright yellow metal in the form of blocks can reflect light either Cefaúha tortillas seems green or blue. The gold section Tkotaiaa a precise - like other metal powders is - فيتميز black while there are other types of gold ranging in color from ruby ​​and purple.

The gold in the transitional group number (11) of the periodic table, and atomic number (79), and atomic weight (196.967), and a weight of qualitative (19.3). Gold melts at a temperature of (1063) degrees Celsius, and boiling in the (2500) C. And gold is a good conductor of heat and electricity, and do in this status only silver and copper.

Gold

Since gold was widespread in many parts of the globe, in addition to the presence of free in nature, but hyperbole price and use money in various corner of the world has become know Acer knowledge of other metals. The natural qualities have made him a metal commonly known Vkther mentioned in books and many miners and workers about it. In the fourth century AH / tenth century, where Islamic civilization reached its peak and decorated palaces caliphs various kinds of gems and minerals brought from different parts of the vast Islamic state, interested in a lot of ways chemists purification of these metals. Peronist stated in his book Aljmaher know gems gold purification methods, which is not much different from the methods used today. Recalled Biruni in gold mining and filtered reads: "Some gold what Atcefy fire either rendered alone or distortion called Baqee him, and good Mukhtar called for cat because it captures the metal sector called Rkaza and concentrate metal if he found pieces, both metal silver or gold, and maybe not devoid of shop, liquidation Fajlsth even characterized Balapreez for salvation, and proves beyond the weight. "

The Peronist explain purifying gold when mixed with the soil or in the large stones, and describes the method used to extract gold, which like dirt and Ahadjrocefa accurate is not much different from what it is now. He says: "Perhaps the gold united stone like casted him Vahtej to accuracy, and mills crushed but that the accuracy Balmchajn most desirable and reported in the recitation even said to have aggravated red, so that if ratified surprised wondrous, and Almchajn are stones stretched on poles passports erected on running water to drive a , Kalhal in Samarkand in sounding cannabis Alkuagd, and if Andq essence gold and, vessels for its stones and all the gold with mercury, then the era of the piece whipped up out of mercury from its pores, fly what remains where it fire is called the gold Zibkie and Mzbaka and gold which reached the end that does not very behind clearance, as happened me بالتشوية a few times, does not affect the stake significant impact hardly related to it, and almost never rigidity out of the Koura, takes in deadlock when cutting bloating, and most likely in gold soft Alospronh ".

And touches Peronist to an ancient way used by the Indians to seize the gold by mercury, and explains this method explanation accurate luck says: "The water bond passing on Ihnd Reed Alguendhar when India River Gold, and some even do not praise hundred this reason and called on the principles of its sources hydrocephalus, then if Taking in the assembly called Kersh any black صفائه, and severity Khaddrth for depth, and if concluded alignment position fetish Shamil spot in Kashmir on SMT hand first named there is water Sindh ... In its sources positions digging where fossils, and the decision of the water is being above and Imlounha of Mercury turns up squint then Aotonha has become gold Zibgaha. This is because the water in its sharp run principle carries sand with gold, the wings of mosquitoes paper and smaller, and passes on the face of mercury the gold Faalq and leaves sand goes. " Then concludes gold from mercury way former Peronist mentioned.

Gold purification newly

Purification are newly separate gold dust, silt and other impurities by strong water currents remove the alluvial sand and minutes, and the remaining minutes of gold in place due to the high density of gold has been used mercury to melt the gold without sand and silt. Then concludes gold from mercury distilling the latter. Gold also draws a presentation at the copper and silver mining. There are chemical ways to extract gold, which draws as a way of cyanide, or melt the silver alloys in concentrated sulfuric acid, and purification are gold with nitric acid first, then electrolysis

The steel Alloys

The steel Alloys

Ferroalloys plays an important role in the manufacture of all types of steel where these alloys contain key element such as chromium, manganese, silicon, titanium, vanadium, and others in addition to iron. The intervention of these alloys in the steel industry as Tsopkyh elements to improve the mechanical properties of the steel product. As also be used as shorthand for the purification of oxygen steel. These alloys are divided into several types, a high-carbon alloy, medium carbon and low carbon. Using electric arc furnaces in the production of most of the high-carbon ferroalloys The medium carbon and low carbon are produced by inflating high-carbon alloy by oxygen in oxygen converters. And alloys can be produced low or zero-carbon Balachtzal aluminum or silicon inside or outside the oven.

The production is in Egypt alloy high Elviromngenaz carbon in Sinai Manganese Company and ferrosilicon alloy in the Egyptian Company for ferro alloy and other alloys are imported from abroad.

The research team has succeeded IT department steel research and development center in the production of many metals of ferroalloys on an industrial level half such as Elvirotianyum alloys and Elvirokrom (high and low carbon) and Elvirovanadiom nickel and Alveronichael silicon and manganese. I have been using alloy Elvirotianyum in the production of high-strength steel in factories Delta Steel Company civil Metal Industries was also used this alloy in some foundries such as Foundry Company Egyptian Iron and Steel Foundry experimental research and development center metals.

Has also been producing ferrosilicon magnesium alloy semi-industrial level and on an industrial scale, the Egyptian Company for ferro alloy ingot was used successfully producing El-Nasr Castings and Greater Cairo Foundries to produce Ductile and gave similar results for imported alloy

Electrolytic copper purification

Electrolytic copper purification

You can refine copper - after extraction of raw materials - electrolysis, configuring ELECTROLYTIC cell where copper to be purified is the anode, while the cathode is a pure copper wire, and copper sulfate electrolyte (CuSO4) II, which dissolves in the solution

 - At the anode:

There are the following types H2O, SO42-a, pole of copper is pure (containing pole copper is pure impurities different each active him of such metals Zn, Fe and oxidized to cations Zn2 +, Fe2 + remains dissolved in the solution, and some less than active, such as metals, silver, platinum and gold, and that fall from the pole as a result of corrosion in the image of atoms in the bottom of cell analysis) and where that effort shorthand polar copper lower than water and sulfates, this oxidized atoms of copper electrode is pure and turn into cations dissolved in solution

B - at the cathode:

There are the following types H2O, Cu2 +, and where that effort reduction of water at the cathode =-0.41V, while effort reduced copper = + 0.34 V, and the most active metal cations of copper for this reduced copper cations to copper atoms deposited on the cathode

As a result purification electrolytic copper are:

Transmission of copper anode and deposition on the cathode

While turning zinc and iron impurities in the pole cations

The beginning of diamond Discovery

The beginning of diamond Discovery

At first diamond was discovered in meteorites by Erofeev and Lachinov in 1888. It was assumed highly exact origin of these diamonds in meteorites. Some scientists believe that diamonds form because of the high pressure deep in the planetary bodies (Orlov, 1977). Another hypothesis suggested that the popular diamond-shaped impact with the ground, that would provide materials to a high pressure (Orlov, 1977). However, the extent of diamonds in extraterrestrial rocks is one minute. Diamond mining on a large scale, we must look at our planet.

Terrestrial volcanic rocks

The occurrence of major geological of diamonds in kimberlites found in the upper sections of the Earth's crust. According to Orlov (1977), "was found on the first urgent bearing kimberlites in Kimberley South Africa and De Beers" (p. 160). Kimberlites Join exist only in the middle of a stable tectonic continents known as shields or platforms. They also occur pipes, dams, and veins, and thresholds consist of alkaline volcanic rocks rich. Researchers believe that can be attributed to such intrusions of magma alkalitic of upper mantle paid in systems is a big mistake to the upper areas of the earth's crust (Orlov, 1977).

Studies have shown that kimberlite pipes (Figure 2) occurs more easily near the marginal areas of the earth's crust with bows. This shows the deep divide systems with intense pressure from the previous upwelling of magma. And usually suppress kimberlite pipes form known to contain high levels of xenoliths of sedimentary rocks. This causes popular during the invasion of the upper part of the deep when he sits platform happens rocks along the way of the rising magma. Times dominant volcanoes diamond-bearing kimberlite signed during the Precambrian and early Paleozoic (Orlov, 1977).

Economic feasibility of phosphate

Economic feasibility of phosphate

  (Initial signs of a feasibility study

       The key factor for the success of the investment in this project is the possibility of crude phosphate concentration in physical ways compensate for the costs of a few costly methods that require multiple systems engineering with high costs, as well as highlight the following points: -

· There is a need to increase the production of phosphate fertilizers in Iraq to meet the local need.

· There is a need inside and outside Iraq for phosphoric acid.

· The existence of large markets of phosphate  fertilizers and phosphoric acid in Asian countries with enormous populations like China, India, Pakistan, and Iraq closer to these countries from the rest of the phosphate-producing countries such as Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Egypt and Jordan.

· Provide basic infrastructure in the vicinity of the proposed site and are summarized as follows:

- Plan for the railway linking post and then Baghdad.

- Paved Road for cars and tankers linking the region woodwork and humid.

- Power lines for high pressure (noting that in the current circumstances can not rely on the national network of electric power for the inadequacy and continuity are advised to erect power generators for the project).

- Fresh water tube.

- Residential and health services in the site.

- Availability of human labor in the region